Kay LaurenceKay Laurence (Learning About Dogs) · 글
teaching과 training의 본질적 의미와 책임teaching(가르침) 또는 train(훈련)이라는 용어를 아동, 사람, 반려견에게 사용할 때, 이 운영적 용어는 그 과정의 소유권이 teacher(교사) 또는 trainer(훈련사)에게 있다는 것을 암시함.teaching process(교수 과정)를 관찰함.teaching(가르침)을 오직 학생이 무엇을 배웠는지에 대한 evidence(증거)를 통해서만 평가할 수 있음.trainer(훈련사) 또는 engineer(설계자)의 책임은 모든 반려견이 동일한 성공을 거둘 수 있도록 학습 과정을 설계하는 것임.behaviour(행동)를 위한 recipe(방법론)는 무한하며, 반려견이 sit(앉기)을 하지 못하면 학습자의 잘못이라는 암묵적 함의가 존재함.learner(학습자)는 다음 요소들의 결합으로 만들어짐:inherited traits and abilities(유전적 특성과 능력)learning experience(학습 경험)skills(기술)gap(공백)은 평가 시 드러나게 되며, 이 공백은 적절한 activity(활동)를 연습함으로써 메워야 함.stepping on a brick (벽돌 밟기)background(배경): 어린 강아지들이 구체적인 proprioception skills(고유수용성 감각 기술)를 발달시키기 위해 벽돌을 밟는 활동을 사용함.stepping on a brick(벽돌 밟기) 활동은 Todd가 신체적으로 성장하고 다른 경험을 적용하기 시작하면서 계속 변화하며, 이는 매주 수행하는 weekly activity(주간 활동)임.learning gap(학습 공백)은 무엇인지 식별할 것.brick(벽돌)을 기준으로 항상 일정한 위치에 머무름brick의 위치를 일부러 쳐다볼 필요를 없게 만듦food(음식)에 집중하는 동안에도 brick이 어디에 있는지 추측할 수 있기 때문food를 치운 후에도 개는 여전히 핸들러를 navigating point(내비게이션 포인트)로 삼음brick을 밟기 전에 brick을 쳐다보지 않는다는 점에 주목할 것brick은 사실 그다지 중요하지 않음food, 규칙적인 공급, 그리고 그것이 어디서 나오는지임food를 얻는다는 사실을 인지하게 됨brick을 밟는 행동을 반복하면서도 brick을 놓치는 모습을 볼 수 있음reward process(보상 과정)에서 자신의 위치를 변화시키기 시작함brick 위에 서 있을 때, 핸들러는 다양한 위치에서 반복적으로 reward(보상)를 제공함brick 주변에 white tape(흰색 테이프)를 두른 다음 세션을 진행함brick의 위치를 찾는 접근 패턴에 매우 빠르게 적응했다.)reward의 양보다, reward를 줄 때 핸들러가 서 있던 새로운 방식이 더 중요했음reward 단계에서 도입되어야 함reward를 향해 스스로 방법을 찾길 바라며 antecedents(선행 조건)으로 도입해서는 안 됨perceptive distance(지각 거리)를 판단하기 전에 brick을 쳐다보는 핵심 기술을 배우지 못하게 막았음brick의 위치를 찾는 법을 배웠을지도 모름jumping(점프), retrieve(회수), sheep(양 치기) 등을 위해 perceptive distance를 판단해야 한다면 이 기술은 필수적임brick 위에 서 있는 것 자체는 목적이 아님Evidence of learning by Kay Laurence | Key Skills and Training This is an extract from Build the Learning Course When we use the words "teach" or "train" child, person or dog, the operative term implies that the process is under the ownership of the teacher or trainer. What the dog, child or person learns is controlled by the other party. But as you know what your teacher thinks you have learned may not be what you actually learned. When I studied education, part of the program expected participation in the inspection system that ensures quality in teaching. We would examine the lesson plans, curriculum, classrooms, resources and observe the teaching process. We also invested a good amount of time interviewing the students. One occasion I noticed that the majority of the class made an error in preparing some equipment for use in an experiment. When questioning the teacher he was adamant that he had told the students very clearly what they were supposed to do, and that getting it wrong was their fault. We can only assess teaching by evidence of what the students' learned. This class were clearly confused as evident in the error. It is the teacher's responsibility to be assessing the learning through various techniques. The arrogance that assumes a learner is at fault for mistakes is prevalent in the dog field. Dogs are attribute characteristics such as stubborn, stupid, loopy, or impossible to train. It becomes the responsibility of the trainer, or engineer, to design the learning so that ALL dogs can achieve the same success. Recipes for specific behaviours are infinite and there is an unspoken implication that any lack of success for getting a dog to sit is the fault of the learner. A learner is built by a combination of their inherited traits and abilities, learning experience and skills that they have the opportunity to learn and practice. For every learning situation it is our task to identify what learning has happened. Any gaps in that learning will become evident when assessed and the gaps will be closed by practising the appropriate activities. This is an example of the process: Background I use the activity of stepping on a brick for young pups to develop specific proprioception skills. They will observe their environment, measure perceptive distances, become aware of quite accurate front feet placement, adopt stillness and balance. The activity itself has no particular application except to develop these skills. Todd began learning this at 10 weeks old in this first video: In the second video he is 20 weeks old and this is his seventh session.
The stepping on the brick activity will be changing as he physically grows and begins to apply other experience and it is a weekly activity. I would like you to watch this and identify what he has learned and what is the learning gap. You will see that he makes mistakes and struggles to be successful. There is no sound in this video and you will be able to play at a slower speed to watch for the critical points. There are two skills that need development and practice. Scroll further down the page ....
to offer consistent conditions as the pup is learning, I inadvertently stopped him from learning the key skills of looking at the brick before judging the perceptive distance. By just changing my position very slightly each time, he may have learned sooner to seek the location of the brick. Learning is focussed on what is of benefit to the learner. In the future if the dog needs to be able to judge perceptive distance: for jumping, retrieve, sheep, this skill is essential. Standing on a brick is not. What did you learn from this process? It’s Not Training A carefully planned learning pathway, paced to suit that particular learner for their life ahead. Read More Obnoxious Puppy The delight of your new puppy is probably going to last a few weeks, maybe four if you are lucky. When 12 weeks old hits, and you will feel a slam, the Delight is going to demonstrate ungrateful, obnoxious traits. Read More Dogs are Born To Learn We can build tremendous learners when we get beyond the idea that “dogs are trained”. Read More Don’t Let Them Learn Becoming aware that we share our lives with premier learners, dogs, is about saving you frustration, despair, anxiety and endless hours further down the road. Read More The Experienced Dog Knowing your dog has receive sufficient preparation does not mean every eventuality, but a range of different conditions so that when the unexpected happens they will draw on their skills and solve the issue. Read More Be-toothed Learning Machines The thing they don’t tell you is that raising a puppy is DANGED HARD WORK. Biting everything, peeing everywhere, eating anything; not for the faint hearted. Read More Are you coasting? Are we coasting or are we improving? Is time so precious that we cannot invest in doing better? Looking at “Leave it” protocols, which are just another way of saying “no”. If we focus our training around what we don’t want the dog will focus on what to avoid. Focus on what we do want. Read More Heartbeat of living with dogs I like to regard a “teacher of dogs” as someone who meets dogs in their world and teaches them how to be their best whilst living alongside us in our world. Read More What is important … ? … when your dog is sick and fearful? If you have a dog who is sick and fearful you can feel lost and alone. The weight of opinion, expectation and information can be overwhelming. What is right? What is true? What is best? Throughout this journey I have allowed my ethics to guide me. The individual who is Merlin is at the heart of every choice I make. Read More Any Dog But a Collie After deciding I wanted to
live with a dog, the only dog I ruled out was a Border Collie. Read More And Why Can’t He Refuse? I bristle at the insistence that a dog will assent to any request we make if they understand what we’re asking and if the rewards we offer are of sufficient value Read More Changing is growth We are naturally attracted to familiar ways of training or living with our dogs. We have often worked hard to learn those habits and there is a reluctance to make changes since this is hard work. It takes mentally energy to note what we are not doing well, recall what changes we need to make, find the prompts that can move us to the changes and then work on the skills those changes require. Read More Submit a Comment Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Comment * Name * Email * Website Δ